Причастие
Задание:
Перепишите предложения, заменив причастные обороты придаточными предложениями. Например, 1. Which of the four men smoking by the fireplace is Ben? –> Which of the four men, who are smoking by the fireplace, is Ben?
I.
1. They passed groups of farm-workers trimming vines and picking ripe apricots.
2. From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements.
3. There is a covered passage connecting the kitchen with the garage.
4. A gloomy darkness covered the little hill overlooking the two valleys.
5. When you enter the hall you will see a staircase leading to the basement.
6. A new road will soon be built joining the plant with the railway station.
7. What we really want is a good critical article revealing our drawbacks.
8. He spoke like a man having his opinion of everything.
9. The horse leading the race was the winner of a similar event two months ago.
II.
1. She smiled remembering the joke.
2. Every now and then the man raises his head from the book, looking at the clock on the opposite wall.
3. I hope you will write soon, explaining your intention.
4. Closing the door gently, she stole upstairs.
5. Receiving no reply by the end of the month we shall consider the order cancelled.
6. Taking a book from the shelf, he sits down under the floor-lamp to read it.
7. In the evening they caught some fish, eating part of it and saving the rest for breakfast.
8. Being very unambitious, he is satisfied with what he has.
III.
1. Having got what he wanted, he took his hat and went away.
2. Having seen so little of the country, I’m afraid I cannot give exhaustive answers to all your questions.
3. We shall not discuss our future plans before I come back having settled the business.
4. And saying so, he left the room.
5. And having said this, he threw himself back in his armchair and looked around triumphantly.
6. Having arrived two days before the opening of the conference, they had enough time to do the city.
7. Arriving at the airport, he went to have his luggage weighed and registered.
8. Knowing how fond he is of good music, I brought him a few records.
9. Having known him from school, I have never heard anyone speak of him without respect.
IV.
1. Special mention must be made of the extensive research now being conducted in chemistry.
2. A party of specialists was sent to inspect the installations then being made at the new metallurgical plant.
3. That method of support was quite different from those being employed at the time in other mines.
4. They were told that unlike twenty years ago the machine tools being used at the factory were exclusively home-made.
5. Being asked what he thought of the innovation, the engineer said he approved of it.
6. The yacht lay well out in the middle of the river, being carried down by the current.
7. Having been examined by the customs, the goods were let through.
~~LINKBACK~~
Discussion
I
Updated
1. They passed groups of farm-workers trimming vines and picking ripe apricots.
They passed groups of farm-workers who were trimming vines and picking ripe apricots.
2. From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements.
From time to time you will get letters which will be notifying you of my movements.
3. There is a covered passage connecting the kitchen with the garage.
There is a covered passage that is connecting the kitchen with the garage.
4. A gloomy darkness covered the little hill overlooking the two valleys.
A gloomy darkness covered the little hill which was overlooking the two valleys.
5. When you enter the hall you will see a staircase leading to the basement.
When you enter the hall you will see a staircase which is leading to the basement.
6. A new road will soon be built joining the plant with the railway station.
A new road will soon be built and it will be joining the plant with the railway station.
7. What we really want is a good critical article revealing our drawbacks.
What we really want is a good critical article which will be revealing our drawbacks.
8. He spoke like a man having his opinion of everything.
He spoke like a man who is having his opinion of everything.
9. The horse leading the race was the winner of a similar event two months ago.
The horse which was leading the race was the winner of a similar event two months ago.
В 2-8 можно и прогрессив (= динамиз), а можно и симпл (= статизм) - меняется смысл; а в 1 и 9 - верно - только прогрессив. Почему?
фактуальность высокая - процесс происходящий в тот момент времени
а так можно?
From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements.
From time to time you will get letters being notified you of my movements.
being notified - это же пассивный/страдательный залог, т.е. не сами letters будут выполнять действие = notify, а кто-то будет их (= letters) notify = письмам будет сообщаться/письма будут поставлены в известность.
Другой пример на глаголе do:
Is there any work still being done on making these apps portable for Mac and especialy Lion? - ведётся ли еще работа над = кто-нибудь еще продолжает работать над
Я про другое еще хочу спросить: как меняется смысл в 2-8 коли там можно причастие распаковать и в прогрессив и симпл - и оба варианта нужно дать:
2. From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements.
From time to time you will get letters which will be notifying you of my movements.
From time to time you will get letters which will notify you of my movements.
а в 1 только прогрессив можно вычитать из причастия. Почему?
2. From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements.
From time to time you will get letters which will be notifying you of my movements.
From time to time you will get letters which will notify you of my movements.
тут по идее отличия = отличия м/у simple и progressive, только в русском оно по моему одинаково будет переводиться: Время от времени вы будете получать письма, которые известят вас о моих передвижениях.
Progressive = поток писем, simple = ? обычные действия - то есть как раньше присылал раз в неделю, так и сейчас буду слать, или тут неясность действия (точечное - периодическое), толи одно письмо пришлю, толи насколько.
1.They passed groups of farm-workers trimming vines and picking ripe apricots
я вот думал про фактуальность: фактуальность высокая - процесс происходящий в тот момент времени, не то?
верно:
From time to time you will get letters which will be notifying you of my movements. = будут извещать вас (в указанный/определенный/известный/обговоренный/условленный момент или отрезок времени) → фактуальное
From time to time you will get letters which will notify you of my movements. =будут извещать вас (вообще, как это всегда и происходит и в не обговоренный/условленный момент времени) → не-фактуальное
как тут с т.з. статизма/динамизма и режимов жизнь/игра?
верно, passed и trimming = They и groups of farm-workers - образуют одну общую пространственно-временную и субстанционную структуру, а в предложении From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements такого не происходит, из чего вопрос: что блокирует создание одной общей пространственно-временной и субстанционной структуры в предложении From time to time you will get letters notifying you of my movements?
динамизм - be notifying - notify - статизм
жизнь - be notifying - notify - игра
ну контекст же? from time to time - сразу понятно, что все диффузно
верно, а как фактуальность сюда шьется?
верно, а чем можно заменить from time to time чтобы все стало не-диффузно, т.е. в режиме “жизнь” и динамично и чтобы из причастия notifying вчитывалось не will notify you, а will be notifying you?
фактуальность - be notifying - notify - не-фактуальность
Every Monday you will get letters notifying you of my movements
верно, а можно и еще больше фактуализиторов накидать: during your trip; on the day of your …; from Monday till Friday и т.п.
II
Updated 2
1. She smiled remembering the joke.
She smiled each time as she was remembering the joke.
Она улыбалась всякий раз, вспоминая шутку.
She smiled when she was remembering the joke.
Она улыбнулась (один раз), вспоминая шутку.
2. Every now and then the man raises his head from the book, looking at the clock on the opposite wall.
Every now and then the man raises his head from the book as he is looking at the clock on the opposite wall.
3. I hope you will write soon, explaining your intention.
I hope you will write soon as you will be explaining your intention.
4. Closing the door gently, she stole upstairs.
She stole upstairs after she was closing the door gently.
5. Receiving no reply by the end of the month we shall consider the order cancelled.
We shall consider the order cancelled if we will be receiving no reply by the end of the month.
6. Taking a book from the shelf, he sits down under the floor-lamp to read it.
He sits down under the floor-lamp to read it as he is taking a book from the shelf.
7. In the evening they caught some fish, eating part of it and saving the rest for breakfast.
In the evening they caught some fish, then they were eating part of it and saving the rest for breakfast
8. Being very unambitious, he is satisfied with what he has.
He is satisfied with what he has because he is being very unambitious.
III
Updated 2
1. Having got what he wanted, he took his hat and went away.
When he had got what he wanted he took his hat and went away.
Only when (эмфаза) he had got what he wanted he took his hat and went away.
2. Having seen so little of the country, I’m afraid I cannot give exhaustive answers to all your questions.
I’m afraid I cannot give exhaustive answers to all your questions as I have seen so little of the country.
3. We shall not discuss our future plans before I come back having settled the business.
We shall not discuss our future plans before I come back when I have settled the business.
4. And saying so, he left the room.
He left the room while he was saying so.
5. And having said this, he threw himself back in his armchair and looked around triumphantly.
He threw himself back in his armchair and looked around triumphantly when he had said this.
6. Having arrived two days before the opening of the conference, they had enough time to do the city.
They had arrived two days before the opening of the conference so they had enough time to do the city.
7. Arriving at the airport, he went to have his luggage weighed and registered.
As he had arrived at the airport so he went to have his luggage weighed and registered.
8. Knowing how fond he is of good music, I brought him a few records.
I brought him a few records as I had known how fond he is of good music.
9. Having known him from school, I have never heard anyone speak of him without respect.
I have known him from school and never heard anyone speak of him without respect.
IV
Update
1. Special mention must be made of the extensive research now being conducted in chemistry.
Special mention must be made of the extensive research now as it is conducted in chemistry.
2. A party of specialists was sent to inspect the installations then being made at the new metallurgical plant.
A party of specialists was sent to inspect the installations which were made at the new metallurgical plant.
3. That method of support was quite different from those being employed at the time in other mines.
That method of support was quite different from those which were employed at the time in other mines.
4. They were told that unlike twenty years ago the machine tools being used at the factory were exclusively home-made.
They were told that unlike twenty years ago the machine tools were used at the factory and were exclusively home-made.
5. Being asked what he thought of the innovation, the engineer said he approved of it.
When the engineer was asked what he thought of the innovation he said he approved of it.
6. The yacht lay well out in the middle of the river, being carried down by the current.
The yacht lay well out in the middle of the river so it was carried down by the current.
7. Having been examined by the customs, the goods were let through.
The goods were let through when they had been examined by the customs.